Ngenxa yokuba iimeko zezigulane ezikwiwadi ye-ICU zahlukile kwezo zezigulane zewadi eqhelekileyo, uyilo loyilo lwewadi, iimfuno zokusingqongileyo, imisebenzi yeebhedi, izixhobo ze-peripheral, njl. njl. zonke zahlukile kwezo zikwiwadi eziqhelekileyo.Ngapha koko, ii-ICUs zobuchule obahlukeneyo zifuna izixhobo ezahlukeneyo.Azifani.Uyilo kunye nokucwangciswa kwezixhobo zewadi kufuneka zihlangabezane neemfuno, ziququzelele ukuhlangula, kunye nokunciphisa ungcoliseko.
Ezinje: izixhobo zokuhamba nge-laminar.Iimfuno zothintelo longcoliseko lwe-ICU ziphezulu kakhulu.Cinga ngokusebenzisa indawo yokucoca i-laminar ukuze unciphise amathuba osulelo.Kwi-ICU, iqondo lokushisa kufuneka ligcinwe kwi-24 ± 1.5 ° C;kwiwadi yezigulane ezisele zikhulile, iqondo lobushushu kufuneka libe malunga ne-25.5°C.
Ukongeza, igumbi elincinci lokuhlinza, igumbi lokuhlamba, kunye negumbi lokucoca kwiyunithi nganye ye-ICU kufuneka ixhotyiswe ngezibane ezikhanyayo ze-UV ezijingayo zokubulala iintsholongwane rhoqo, kunye nesithuthi esongezelelweyo se-UV sokubulala iintsholongwane kufuneka sibonelelwe rhoqo ukuze kubulawe iintsholongwane kwiindawo ezingenabantu.
Ukuze kube lula ukuhlangula kunye nokudluliselwa, kuyilo lwe-ICU, kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukunikezelwa kwamandla okwaneleyo.Kungcono ukuxhotyiswa ngezixhobo zamandla ezimbini kunye nezingxamisekileyo, kwaye izixhobo ezibalulekileyo kufuneka zixhotyiswe nge-uninterruptible power supply (UPS).
Kwi-ICU, kufuneka kubekho iindidi zemibhobho yegesi ngexesha elifanayo, kungcono ukusebenzisa unikezelo oluphakathi lwe-oksijeni, ukunikezelwa komoya ophakathi, kunye ne-vacuum yokufunxa ephakathi.Ngokukodwa, ukunikezelwa kwe-oksijini ephakathi kunokuqinisekisa ukuba izigulane ze-ICU ziqhubeka zithatha inani elikhulu le-oksijeni, zigweme umsebenzi wokutshintshwa rhoqo kweesilinda ze-oksijini, kwaye zigweme ukungcoliswa kweesilinda ze-oksijini ezinokungeniswa kwi-ICU.
Ukukhethwa kweebhedi ze-ICU kufuneka zilungele iimpawu zezigulane ze-ICU, kwaye kufuneka zibe nale misebenzi ilandelayo:
1. Ukulungelelaniswa kweendawo ezininzi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zeklinikhi.
2. Inokunceda isigulana ukuba sijike ngeenyawo okanye ngokulawulwa ngesandla.
3. Ukusebenza kukulungele kwaye ukuhamba kwebhedi kunokulawulwa kwiindlela ezininzi.
4. Umsebenzi ochanekileyo wokulinganisa.Ukuze ubeke iliso ngokusondeleyo utshintsho kutshintshiselwano lwe-fluid, ukutshisa amanqatha, ukukhupha ukubila, njl.
5. Ukufowunelwa kwe-X-ray yangasemva kufuneka kugqitywe kwi-ICU, ngoko ke umzila wesilayidi webhokisi yefilimu ye-X-ray kufuneka iqulunqwe kwiphaneli yangasemva.
6. Iyakwazi ukuhamba kwaye ibhule ngokuguquguqukayo, ekulungele ukuhlangula nokudluliselwa.
Ngelo xesha, i-headboard yebhedi nganye kufuneka ibonelelwe:
Ukutshintsha kwamandla oku-1, iisokethi zamandla ezininzi ezinokuthi ziqhagamshelwe kwiiplagi ezi-6-8 ngaxeshanye, iiseti ezi-2-3 zezixhobo zokubonelela ngeoksijini ephakathi, iiseti ezi-2 zezixhobo zomoya ezicinezelweyo, iiseti ezi-2-3 zezixhobo zokufunxa uxinzelelo olubi, Iseti e-1 yezibane ezikhanyayo ezilungisekayo, iseti e-1 yezibane ezingxamisekileyo.Phakathi kweebhedi ezimbini, ikholamu esebenzayo yokusetyenziswa kumacala omabini kufuneka imiselwe, apho kukho iziseko zamandla, iishelufu zezixhobo, i-interfaces yegesi, izixhobo zokufowuna, njl.
Izixhobo zokubeka iliso sisixhobo esisisiseko se-ICU.Imonitha inokubeka iliso kwiifom zamaza okanye iiparamitha ezinje nge-polyconductive ECG, uxinzelelo lwegazi (oluhlaselayo okanye olungahlaseliyo), ukuphefumla, ukugcwala kweoksijini yegazi, kunye nobushushu ngexesha lokwenyani nangokuguquguqukayo, kwaye inokubeka iliso kwiiparamitha ezilinganisiweyo.Yenza uhlalutyo lohlalutyo, ukugcinwa kwedatha, i-waveform playback, njl.
Kwi-design ye-ICU, uhlobo lwesigulane oluza kubekwa esweni kufuneka luthathelwe ingqalelo ukukhetha iliso elifanelekileyo, njenge-ICU ye-cardiac kunye ne-ICU yomntwana, ugxininiso olusebenzayo lwabahloli abafunekayo luya kuhluka.
Izixhobo zezixhobo zokubeka iliso kwi-ICU zohlulwe zibe ziindidi ezimbini: inkqubo yokubeka iliso ezimeleyo enebhedi enye kunye nenkqubo yokubeka iliso esembindini.
Inkqubo yokubeka iliso esembindini yeeparamitha kukubonisa iifomati ezahlukeneyo zokubeka iliso kunye neeparamitha zefiziyoloji ezifunyenwe ngabahloli becala lebhedi yezigulane kwibhedi nganye ngothungelwano, kwaye uzibonise kwiscreen esikhulu sokubekwa kweliso okuphakathi ngaxeshanye, ukuze abasebenzi bezonyango banokubeka iliso kwisigulane ngasinye.Sebenzisa uhlolo olusebenzayo ngexesha lokwenyani.
Kwii-ICU zala maxesha, isixokelelwano esisembindini sokubeka iliso siqhele ukusekwa.
Ii-ICU zendalo ezahlukeneyo kufuneka zixhotyiswe ngezixhobo ezikhethekileyo ngaphezu kwezixhobo eziqhelekileyo kunye nezixhobo.
Umzekelo, kwi-ICU yotyando lwentliziyo, iimonitha eziqhubekayo zentliziyo, i-balloon counterpulsators, i-blood analyzers, i-biochemical analyzers, i-fiber laryngoscopes, i-fiber bronchoscopes, kunye nezixhobo ezincinci zotyando, izibane zotyando kufuneka zixhotyiswe, izixhobo zokubulala iintsholongwane, 2 iiseti zezixhobo zotyando lwethoracic, itafile yesixhobo sotyando, njl.
3. Ukhuseleko kunye nokugcinwa kwezixhobo ze-ICU
I-ICU yindawo apho inani elikhulu lezixhobo zombane kunye nezixhobo zonyango zisetyenziswa kakhulu.Zininzi izixhobo zonyango zangoku nezichanekileyo.Ngoko ke, ingqalelo kufuneka ihlawulwe kukhuseleko lokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokusebenza kunye nokusebenza.
Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba izixhobo zonyango zisebenza kwindawo efanelekileyo, okokuqala, umbane ozinzileyo kufuneka unikezelwe izixhobo;indawo yokubeka iliso kufuneka ibekwe kwindawo ephezulu kancinci, ekulula ukuyiqwalasela kwaye ingabikho kwezinye izixhobo ukuphepha ukuphazamiseka kwisignali yokubeka iliso..
Izixhobo ezilungiselelwe kwi-ICU yanamhlanje zinomxholo ophezulu wobugcisa kunye neemfuno eziphezulu zobuchwephesha bokusebenza.
Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ze-ICU, injineli yokulondoloza ixesha elizeleyo kufuneka imiselwe kwiwadi ye-ICU yesibhedlele esikhulu ukukhokela oogqirha kunye nabongikazi ekusebenzeni okuchanekileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo;ukuncedisa oogqirha ekumiseni imilinganiselo yomatshini;ngokuqhelekileyo kuba noxanduva lokugcinwa kunye nokutshintshwa kwesixhobo emva kokusetyenziswa.Izixhobo ezonakalisiweyo;zivavanye rhoqo izixhobo, kwaye wenze izilungiso zomlinganiselo rhoqo njengoko kufuneka;ukulungisa okanye ukuthumela izixhobo ezingalunganga ukuze zilungiswe ngexesha elifanelekileyo;bhalisa ukusetyenziswa kunye nokulungiswa kwezixhobo, kunye nokuseka ifayile yezixhobo ze-ICU.
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-24-2022